How God Made the Universe – by Dick Ropiequet, 2005; last edited, 2008

Step #1 – Finding Space for It

No matter what he constructed the universe out of, it would be obvious to the Creator that he would need some place to put it.  So the first thing he needed to make was emptiness ...  and not just a little bit, but enough emptiness to hold all the amusing things he was thinking of making!  This wasn’t as easy as it sounds, because, if God is manifest everywhere, he would need to remove his essence (hereafter, we’ll call this substance, “ectoplasm”) from some part of his infinite extent to create a region with nothing in it.  Needless to say, he found a way, or we wouldn’t be here!

Step #2 – Finding the Raw Materials

The source was perfectly obvious!  The only substance available was God’s infinite ectoplasm.  He would need to find a way to convert some of his ectoplasm into the material needed for his imagined universe.  It wasn’t immediately clear how he should do this, but one thing, at least, was clear --- this conversion process would obviate the need for emptiness! 

Step #3 – Creating the Design

Being omniscient and omnipotent was a tremendous asset, but deciding what to make, how to make it, how much to make, and where to put it, would be an interesting challenge.  Whatever he made would have to be little bits that interacted with each other in some marvelous ways that created a huge variety of interesting phenomena.  And, the conversion process would need to leave a continuous fabric of residual ectoplasm so that he could be present everywhere to observe what was going on.  Otherwise, forget it!

Step #4 – Designing the Space Bits

There were a number of design considerations:

  1. What shape of bits could completely fill his imagined universe, and still permit God to be everywhere to observe what was happening?  Answer: spheres!  No matter how closely spheres are pushed together, they are still completely surrounded by unused space.  Obviously, this space would still be occupied by ectoplasm, so God would still be everywhere no matter how many space bits were made.
  2. What properties would space bits need to have in order to produce interesting interactions?  They would need both to attract and to repel each other to make his universe dynamic.  Spheres would need to attract to remain in contact as they roll or slide around each other.  They would need to repel each other to get the impetus to roll back and forth.
  3. What property would spheres need to have in order to both attract and repel?  They would need the property of charge — unlike charges in order to attract each other, but like charges in order to repel.  It was clear to God, then, that he would need his converter* to be able to produce two kinds of spheres, ones with plus charge, and ones with minus charge.  (* He was now beginning to think of his conversion process as requiring a catalyst, which, until he worked out its details, he would term, a converter).
  4. Where could he find the two polarities of “charge” he required for his space bits?  This was the easiest question of his whole universe project!  Charge was the glue that held his ectoplasm together.  He knew that his ectoplasm was composed of infinitesimal bits of pure charge, with exactly equal numbers of each type, plus & minus.  So making spherical space bits with charge was just a matter of making spherical clusters of these ectoplasm bits with just one excess of either charge.
  5. What ratio of plus to minus space spheres should his ectoplasm converters be designed to produce?  Clearly, the ratio should be 1::1, because each sphere can exhibit both attraction and repulsion only in a matrix in which plus spheres & minus spheres are, on average, everywhere equally abundant and in contact with each other.
  6. What feature of the conversion process could assure that all the spheres have identical size?  Answer: surface tension!   Knowing that opposite-charge ectoplasm bits have tremendous affinity for each other, God could reason that neutral streams of ectoplasm would tend to coalesce into spherical drops.  Because they would be coalescing in the absence of gravity, these ectoplasm bits would tend toward the tightest packing configuration, which would be a body-centered cubic lattice arrangement taking a spherical exterior shape.  Finally, only explicit numbers of bits would permit both a spherical outside shape, and a body-centered lattice interior, so the drops would all tend toward the same size, i.e., toward being composed of the same number of ectoplasm bits.
  7. What aspect of drop formation would result in spheres having a single ±1/2e charge? A perfect sphere would require an odd number of ectoplasm bits, with a central bit.  If ectoplasm bits possessed a charge equivalent to ±1/2e, then the central bit of the sphere would determine the sphere’s charge; thus each sphere would have a summation charge of ±1/2e.  IPP calls these half-charge spheres, “Elemental Charge Entities”, or “ECEs”  
  8. How could converters be designed to ingest ectoplasm and disgorge charged spheres without mutual interference, and without altering their locations in the cosmos?  Make them in the form of a torus, with intake slots on the inner circumference, and output slots on the outer circumference.  Notice that this approach draws in the ectoplasm equally from diametrically opposite directions, and evenly sops up the ectoplasm displaced by the ECE spheres emerging from the converter’s output.
  9. But, if opposite polarity space bits are everywhere nearly equally abundant, how will this neutral matrix produce interesting phenomena?  Answer: three aspects of the proposed creation scenario should lead to dynamicism:
    1. Space will ultimately become “overfilled” with ECEs.  If ECEs are continuously produced at discrete locations in the cosmos, then each converter’s output will form an ever-expanding torus of ECEs that grows radially and spherically, until it impinges upon and interpenetrates the ECEs emerging from adjacent converters.  This merging of impacting streams militates against forming a single ionic crystal, but rather leads to forming a polycrystalline matrix.  Hence, merging space bits will form crystals with random cardinal lattice orientations, separated by grain boundaries that manifest denser packing of space bits. 
    2. Given enough time, separated spherical groups of space bits will impinge upon each other, and this will create local turbulence that will tend to produce large-scale space-bit rotations and rhombic distortions.
    3. Until space bits completely fill the universe, they will associate in the least compact lattice form, namely, an ionic simple cubic lattice.  However, due to the large scale impingements of space bit groups, this form of lattice will be increasingly distorted as the converter centers continue their production of space spheres.  These distortions start the process of forming lattice defects and point-centered packing density oscillations, which are just the underlying phenomena that God suspected would be required to produce the marvelously interesting complexities he was imagining.
  10. How long will it take to get his universe functioning?  It would depend upon the rate of conversion of ectoplasm to space bits.  It might only take only a few tens of billions of earth years --- but time passes speedily for a God!

An After-note:

I use the word “God” to suggest processes forever beyond my comprehension.  I can’t imagine pure chance supplying an ectoplasm-to-ECE converter for every galaxy in the cosmos, but, then, it’s even harder to imagine any deity finding the desire or patience to do it!  

IPP’s creation scenario is complicated when compared to the big-bang/inflation scenario of the “Standard Model”.   However, what justifies its creational & spatial complexity is IPP’s ability to explain all physical phenomena with just two fundamental particles, whereas SM uses sixty-two (or-more) fundamental particles, and yet is unable to explain Quantum mysteries, which IPP does readily.  You can find most of the details of the reasoning process that led to IPP’s creation scenario, by reading two website articles:

“Introduction to IPP”
“Basic Concepts of IPP”